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A rank-based multiple-choice secretary algorithm for minimising microgrid operating cost under uncertainties

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 198-210 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0874-8

摘要： The increasing use of distributed energy resources changes the way to manage the electricity system. Unlike the traditional centralized powered utility, many homes and businesses with local electricity generators have established their own microgrids, which increases the use of renewable energy while introducing a new challenge to the management of the microgrid system from the mismatch and unknown of renewable energy generations, load demands, and dynamic electricity prices. To address this challenge, a rank-based multiple-choice secretary algorithm (RMSA) was proposed for microgrid management, to reduce the microgrid operating cost. Rather than relying on the complete information of future dynamic variables or accurate predictive approaches, a lightweight solution was used to make real-time decisions under uncertainties. The RMSA enables a microgrid to reduce the operating cost by determining the best electricity purchase timing for each task under dynamic pricing. Extensive experiments were conducted on real-world data sets to prove the efficacy of our solution in complex and divergent real-world scenarios.

关键词： energy management systems     demand response     scheduling under uncertainty     renewable energy sources     multiple-choice secretary algorithm    

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Low-cost green building practice in China: Library of Shandong Transportation College

Yingxin ZHU, Borong LIN, Bin YUAN,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 100-105 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0072-3

摘要： This paper introduces the design idea and technique utilized in the Library of Shandong Transportation College, which ranked 1st in the 2nd National Green Buildings Innovation Award in China in March 2007 due to its low cost and climate-oriented green strategy during its design and construction phase, including land saving, energy efficiency, water conservation, and so on. Originally, the place was a landfill site with an odor pool. After reconstruction, it was changed into the construction site of the library with an area of 7000m and a scenery pond. With the integrated use of passive shading, daylighting, ventilation with atriums, high-insulation materials, underground duct ventilation, and the substitution of cooling tower with the pond water, the HVAC load design indexes are 59 W/m and 21.8 W/m for space cooling and heating, respectively, much lower than the newly issued Chinese energy efficient design code for public buildings. Moreover, a set of measures is utilized for water conversation, material saving, and improvement of indoor environmental quality. After three years of operation, the real effect has been validated by electricity meter and field measurement. The total initial cost for the building with the above mentioned integrated technologies was only RMB 2150 per square meter, which was worth spending in China due to the climatic adaptability and the relative low cost.

关键词： green building     low cost technique     energy efficiency     integrated strategy    

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Redox flow batteries—Concepts and chemistries for cost-effective energy storage

Matthäa Verena HOLLAND-CUNZ, Faye CORDING, Jochen FRIEDL, Ulrich STIMMING

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期   页码 198-224 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0552-4

摘要： Electrochemical energy storage is one of the few options to store the energy from intermittent renewable energy sources like wind and solar. Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are such an energy storage system, which has favorable features over other battery technologies, e.g. solid state batteries, due to their inherent safety and the independent scaling of energy and power content. However, because of their low energy-density, low power-density, and the cost of components such as redox species and membranes, commercialised RFB systems like the all-vanadium chemistry cannot make full use of the inherent advantages over other systems. In principle, there are three pathways to improve RFBs and to make them viable for large scale application: First, to employ electrolytes with higher energy density. This goal can be achieved by increasing the concentration of redox species, employing redox species that store more than one electron or by increasing the cell voltage. Second, to enhance the power output of the battery cells by using high kinetic redox species, increasing the cell voltage, implementing novel cell designs or membranes with lower resistance. The first two means reduce the electrode surface area needed to supply a certain power output, thereby bringing down costs for expensive components such as membranes. Third, to reduce the costs of single or multiple components such as redox species or membranes. To achieve these objectives it is necessary to develop new battery chemistries and cell configurations. In this review, a comparison of promising cell chemistries is focused on, be they all-liquid, slurries or hybrids combining liquid, gas and solid phases. The aim is to elucidate which redox-system is most favorable in terms of energy-density, power-density and capital cost. Besides, the choice of solvent and the selection of an inorganic or organic redox couples with the entailing consequences are discussed.

关键词： electrochemical energy storage     redox flow battery     vanadium    

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Levelized costs of the energy chains of new energy vehicles targeted at carbon neutrality in China

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 392-408 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0212-6

摘要： The diffusion of new energy vehicles (NEVs), such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell vehicles (FCVs), is critical to the transportation sector’s deep decarbonization. The cost of energy chains is an important factor in the diffusion of NEVs. Although researchers have addressed the technological learning effect of NEVs and the life cycle emissions associated with the diffusion of NEVs, little work has been conducted to analyze the life cycle costs of different energy chains associated with different NEVs in consideration of technological learning potential. Thus, relevant information on investment remains insufficient to promote the deployment of NEVs. This study proposes a systematic framework that includes various (competing or coordinated) energy chains of NEVs formed with different technologies of power generation and transmission, hydrogen production and transportation, power-to-liquid fuel, and fuel transportation. The levelized costs of three typical carbon-neutral energy chains are investigated using the life cycle cost model and considering the technological learning effect. Results show that the current well-to-pump levelized costs of the energy chains in China for BEVs, FCVs, and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) are approximately 3.60, 4.31, and 2.21 yuan/GJ, respectively, and the well-to-wheel levelized costs are 4.50, 6.15, and 7.51 yuan/GJ, respectively. These costs primarily include raw material costs, and they vary greatly for BEVs and FCVs from resource and consumer costs. In consideration of the technological learning effect, the energy chains’ well-to-wheel levelized costs are expected to decrease by 24.82% for BEVs, 27.12% for FCVs, and 19.25% for ICEVs by 2060. This work also summarizes policy recommendations on developing energy chains to promote the diffusion of NEVs in China.

关键词： energy chain     new energy vehicle     internal combustion engine vehicle     life cycle cost     technological learning    

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Benefit-based cost allocation for residentially distributed photovoltaic systems in China: A cooperative

Xi LUO, Xiaojun LIU, Yanfeng LIU, Jiaping LIU, Yaxing WANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第2期   页码 271-283 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0083-7

摘要： Distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems have constantly been the key to achieve a low-carbon economy in China. However, the development of Chinese distributed PV systems has failed to meet expectations because of their irrational profit and cost allocations. In this study, the methodology for calculating the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) for PV is thoroughly discussed to address this issue. A mixed-integer linear programming model is built to determine the optimal system operation strategy with a benefit analysis. An externality-corrected mathematical model based on Shapley value is established to allocate the cost of distributed PV systems in 15 Chinese cities between the government, utility grid and residents. Results show that (i) an inverse relationship exists between the LCOEs and solar radiation levels; (ii) the government and residents gain extra benefits from the utility grid through net metering policies, and the utility grid should be the highly subsidized participant; (iii) the percentage of cost assigned to the utility grid and government should increase with the expansion of battery bank to weaken the impact of demand response on increasing theoretical subsidies; and (iv) apart from the LCOE, the local residential electricity prices remarkably impact the subsidy calculation results.

关键词： solar photovoltaic     cost allocation     cooperative game theory     Shapley value     mixed-integer linear programming     levelized cost of energy    

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Influence of infiltration on energy consumption of a winery building

Hejiang SUN, Qingxia YANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 110-118 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0293-3

摘要： With the wide use of light steel structure in industrial buildings, some problems such as air leakage, water dripping and condensation and so forth occur during the construction and operation phases. Through the onsite testing of a winery building in Huailai County, Hebei Province in China, the influence of infiltration on energy consumption in industrial buildings was studied. The pressurization test method and moisture condensation method were used to test the infiltration rates. The results show that the winery building is twice as leaky as normal Chinese buildings and five times as leaky as Canadian buildings. The energy use simulation demonstrates that the reduction of the infiltration rate of the exterior rooms to 1/3 and the interior rooms to 1/2 could help decrease a total energy consumption of approximately 20% and reduce a total energy cost of approximately $ 225000. Therefore, it has a great potential to reduce the energy consumption in this type of buildings. Enforcement of the appropriate design, construction and installation would play a significant role in improving the overall performance of the building.

关键词： industrial building     air change rate     pressurization test method     moisture condensation method     energy cost    

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Analysis on carbon emission reduction intensity of fuel cell vehicles from a life-cycle perspective

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0909-1

摘要： The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is rapidly developing in China for carbon reduction and neutrality. This paper evaluated the life-cycle cost and carbon emission of hydrogen energy via lots of field surveys, including hydrogen production and packing in chlor-alkali plants, transport by tube trailers, storage and refueling in hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs), and application for use in two different cities. It also conducted a comparative study for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). The result indicates that hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (FCV) has the best environmental performance but the highest energy cost. However, a sufficient hydrogen supply can significantly reduce the carbon intensity and FCV energy cost of the current system. The carbon emission for FCV application has the potential to decrease by 73.1% in City A and 43.8% in City B. It only takes 11.0%–20.1% of the BEV emission and 8.2%–9.8% of the ICEV emission. The cost of FCV driving can be reduced by 39.1% in City A. Further improvement can be obtained with an economical and “greener” hydrogen production pathway.

关键词： hydrogen energy     life-cycle assessment (LCA)     fuel cell vehicle     carbon emission     energy cost    

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Environmental, social, and economic assessment of energy utilization of crop residue in China

Yueling ZHANG, Junjie LI, Huan LIU, Guangling ZHAO, Yajun TIAN, Kechang XIE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 308-319 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0696-x

摘要： This paper aims to discuss an environmental, social, and economic analysis of energy utilization of crop residues from life cycle perspectives in China. The methodologies employed to achieve this objective are environmental life cycle assessment (E-LCA), life cycle cost (LCC), and social life cycle assessment (S-LCA). Five scenarios are developed based on the conversion technologies and final bioenergy products. The system boundaries include crop residue collection, transportation, pre-treatment, and conversion process. The replaced amounts of energy are also taken into account in the E-LCA analysis. The functional unit is defined as 1 MJ of energy produced. Eight impact categories are considered besides climate change in E-LCA. The investment capital cost and salary cost are collected and compared in the life cycle of the scenarios. Three stakeholders and several subcategories are considered in the S-LCA analysis defined by UNEP/SETAS guidelines. The results show that the energy utilization of crop residue has carbon emission factors of 0.09–0.18 kg (CO eq per 1 MJ), and presents a net carbon emissions reduction of 0.03–0.15 kg (CO eq per 1 MJ) compared with the convectional electricity or petrol, but the other impacts should be paid attention to in the biomass energy scenarios. The energy utilization of crop residues can bring economic benefit to local communities and the society, but the working conditions of local workers need to be improved in future biomass energy development.

关键词： crop residue     life cycle assessment     life cycle cost     social life cycle assessment     energy production    

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Intelligent optimization of renewable resource mixes incorporating the effect of fuel risk, fuel cost

Deepak KUMAR,D. K. MOHANTA,M. Jaya Bharata REDDY

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 91-105 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0345-y

摘要： Power system planning is a capital intensive investment-decision problem. The majority of the conventional planning conducted since the last half a century has been based on the least cost approach, keeping in view the optimization of cost and reliability of power supply. Recently, renewable energy sources have found a niche in power system planning owing to concerns arising from fast depletion of fossil fuels, fuel price volatility as well as global climatic changes. Thus, power system planning is under-going a paradigm shift to incorporate such recent technologies. This paper assesses the impact of renewable sources using the portfolio theory to incorporate the effects of fuel price volatility as well as CO emissions. An optimization framework using a robust multi-objective evolutionary algorithm, namely NSGA-II, is developed to obtain Pareto optimal solutions. The performance of the proposed approach is assessed and illustrated using the Indian power system considering real-time design practices. The case study for Indian power system validates the efficacy of the proposed methodology as developing countries are also increasing the investment in green energy to increase awareness about clean energy technologies.

关键词： modern portfolio theory     energy policy     CO2 emissions     multi-objective optimization     planning commission    

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Life-cycle cost analysis of optimal timing of pavement preservation

Zilong WANG,Hao WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第1期   页码 17-26 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0369-3

摘要： Optimal application of pavement preservation or preventive maintenance is critical for highway agencies to allocate the limited budget for different treatments. This study developed an integrated life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) model to quantify the impact of pavement preservation on agency cost and vehicle operation cost (VOC) and analyzed the optimal timing of preservation treatments. The international roughness index (IRI) data were extracted from the long-term pavement performance (LTPP) program specific pavement studies 3 (SPS-3) to determine the long-term effectiveness of preservation treatments on IRI deterioration. The traffic loading and the initial IRI value significantly affects life extension and the benefit of agency cost caused by pavement preservation. The benefit in VOC is one to two orders greater in magnitude as compared to the benefit in agency cost. The optimal timing calculated based on VOC is always earlier than the optimal timing calculated based on agency cost. There are considerable differences among the optimal timing of three preservation treatments.

关键词： pavement preservation     life-cycle cost analysis     agency cost     vehicle operation cost    

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Comparative cost analysis of three different anesthesia methods in gynecological laparoscopic surgery

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 311-316 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0205-7

摘要：

In the current study, we assessed and evaluated the costs and benefits of three popular methods of general anesthesia practiced in our department for gynecological laparoscopic surgery in recent years. Sixty adult female patients who underwent elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into three groups: group V, group I and group C. In group V, anesthesia was induced intravenously with midazolam, remifentanil, propofol and vecuronium, and maintained with continuous infusion of propofol and remifentanil. In group I, anesthesia was intravenously induced with midazolam, fentanyl, propofol and vecuronium, and maintained with inhaled isoflurane and intravenous bonus of fentanyl. In group C, anesthesia was induced as in group I, but maintained with isoflurane inhalation combined with propofol-remifentanil infusion. All patients received vecuronium for muscle relaxation. Perioperative incidences of complications and total anesthesia costs for patients in all groups were recorded. In addition, postoperative satisfaction of the patients was also noted, and similar outcomes of the satisfaction were reported in all 60 patients. Although there was no statistical significance among groups, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting were higher in group C, and the rates of shivering and the needs for analgesics were higher in group V. Anesthesia costs in group I were the lowest. Therefore, it is concluded that the costs of anesthesia induced with midazolam, fentanyl, propofol, vecuronium, and maintained with isoflurane, fentanyl and vecuronium are cheapest, and there is no significant difference in patients’ satisfaction and safety among the three above-mentioned methods of anesthesia in our department.

关键词： general anesthesia     economics     cost    

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Lifecycle carbon footprint and cost assessment for coal-to-liquid coupled with carbon capture, storage

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 412-427 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0879-3

摘要： The coal-to-liquid coupled with carbon capture, utilization, and storage technology has the potential to reduce CO2 emissions, but its carbon footprint and cost assessment are still insufficient. In this paper, coal mining to oil production is taken as a life cycle to evaluate the carbon footprint and levelized costs of direct-coal-to-liquid and indirect-coal-to-liquid coupled with the carbon capture utilization and storage technology under three scenarios: non capture, process capture, process and public capture throughout the life cycle. The results show that, first, the coupling carbon capture utilization and storage technology can reduce CO2 footprint by 28%–57% from 5.91 t CO2/t·oil of direct-coal-to-liquid and 24%–49% from 7.10 t CO2/t·oil of indirect-coal-to-liquid. Next, the levelized cost of direct-coal-to-liquid is 648–1027 $/t of oil, whereas that of indirect-coal-to-liquid is 653–1065 $/t of oil. When coupled with the carbon capture utilization and storage technology, the levelized cost of direct-coal-to-liquid is 285–1364 $/t of oil, compared to 1101–9793 $/t of oil for indirect-coal-to-liquid. Finally, sensitivity analysis shows that CO2 transportation distance has the greatest impact on carbon footprint, while coal price and initial investment cost significantly affect the levelized cost of coal-to-liquid.

关键词： coal-to-liquid     carbon capture     utilization and storage (CCUS)     carbon footprint     levelized cost of liquid     lifecycle assessment    

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Floating production storage and offloading systems’ cost and motion performance: A systems thinking application

Rini NISHANTH, Andrew WHYTE, V. John KURIAN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第3期   页码 357-368 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018022

摘要：

Floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) units increasingly represent a practical and economic means for deep-water oil extraction and production. Systems thinking gives a unique opportunity to seek a balance between FPSO technical performance(s), with whole-cost; stakeholder decision-making is charged to align different fit-for-use design specification options’ that address technical-motion(s), with respective life-cycle cost analyses (LCCA). Soft system methodology allows situation based analyses over set periods-of-time by diagnosing the problem-at-hand; namely, assessing the antecedents of life-cycle cost relative to FPSO sub-component design alternatives. Alternative mooring- component comparisons for either new-build hulls or refurbished hulls represent an initial necessary consideration to facilitate extraction, production and storage of deep-water oil reserves. Coupled dynamic analysis has been performed to generate FPSO motion in six degrees of freedom using SESAM DeepC, while life-cycle cost analysis (LCAA) studies give net-present-value comparisons reflective of market conditions. A parametric study has been conducted by varying wave heights from 4 – 8 m to understand FPSO motion behavior in the presence of wind and current, as well as comparing the motions of turreted versus spread mooring design alternatives. LCCA data has been generated to compare the cost of such different mooring options/hull conditions over 10 and 25-year periods. Systems thinking has been used to explain the interaction of problem variables; resultantly this paper is able to identify explicit factors affecting the choice of FPSO configurations in terms of motion and whole-cost, toward assisting significantly with the front-end engineering design (FEED) phase of fit-for-purpose configured FPSOs, in waters off Malaysia and Australia.

关键词： FPSO     LCCA     spread/turret-mooring     DeepC     cost     motion     soft-systems    

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The German Energiewende and its roll-out of renewable energies: An economic perspective

Sebastian KREUZ, Felix MÜSGENS

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 126-134 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0467-5

摘要： This paper gives a short overview of the German Energiewende, i.e. the transition of a large and mostly thermal electricity system towards electricity generation from renewable energy source. It discusses both, the motivation of the transitions as future goals and current status. Furthermore, it gives an in-depth view into the changes in economic costs for society as well as electricity price effects, especially for average private households and industrial consumers. It also discusses the benefits of the promotion of renewable energies in Germany.

关键词： electricity system     renewable energy     cost-benefit analysis    

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燃料电池商业化带来的技术经济挑战 Review

Junye Wang, Hualin Wang, Yi Fan

《工程（英文）》 2018年 第4卷 第3期   页码 352-360 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.05.007

摘要：

随着资源稀缺、极端气候变化和污染水平的增加，经济增长必须依赖于更加环保和高效的生产过程。燃料电池因其高效率和环保操作而成为通向绿色工业的内燃（IC）发动机和锅炉的理想替代品。然而，作为一种新能源技术，燃料电池的重要市场渗透尚未实现。在本文中，我们使用生命周期和价值链活动对燃料电池系统进行技术经济和环境分析。首先，我们研究燃料电池开发的程序，并根据燃料电池生命周期活动、价值链活动和最终用户验收标准确定应开展哪些活动。接下来，我们将对燃料电池商业化的制度障碍进行统一学习。主要最终用户验收标准是功能、成本和可靠性；与竞争对手（如IC发动机和电池）相比，燃料电池应该优于这些标准，以获得竞争优势。燃料电池的维修和维护成本（由于可靠性低）可能导致成本大幅增加和可用性降低，这是最终用户接受的主要因素。燃料电池行业必须面对如何克服这种可靠性障碍的挑战。本文更深入地了解了我们多年来关于燃料电池商业化的主要障碍的工作，并讨论了燃料电池在未来低碳绿色经济中的潜在关键作用。本文还确定了需求，并指出了未来低碳经济的一些方向。供应燃料电池的绿色能源确实是未来的商业模式。通过采用绿色公共投资和实施政策举措，努力实现经济增长的可持续发展，鼓励对环境负责的工业投资。

关键词： 能源安全     燃料电池     成本分析     耐用性和可靠性     储能    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

A rank-based multiple-choice secretary algorithm for minimising microgrid operating cost under uncertainties

期刊论文

Low-cost green building practice in China: Library of Shandong Transportation College

Yingxin ZHU, Borong LIN, Bin YUAN,

期刊论文

Redox flow batteries—Concepts and chemistries for cost-effective energy storage

Matthäa Verena HOLLAND-CUNZ, Faye CORDING, Jochen FRIEDL, Ulrich STIMMING

期刊论文

Levelized costs of the energy chains of new energy vehicles targeted at carbon neutrality in China

期刊论文

Benefit-based cost allocation for residentially distributed photovoltaic systems in China: A cooperative

Xi LUO, Xiaojun LIU, Yanfeng LIU, Jiaping LIU, Yaxing WANG

期刊论文

Influence of infiltration on energy consumption of a winery building

Hejiang SUN, Qingxia YANG

期刊论文

Analysis on carbon emission reduction intensity of fuel cell vehicles from a life-cycle perspective

期刊论文

Environmental, social, and economic assessment of energy utilization of crop residue in China

Yueling ZHANG, Junjie LI, Huan LIU, Guangling ZHAO, Yajun TIAN, Kechang XIE

期刊论文

Intelligent optimization of renewable resource mixes incorporating the effect of fuel risk, fuel cost

Deepak KUMAR,D. K. MOHANTA,M. Jaya Bharata REDDY

期刊论文

Life-cycle cost analysis of optimal timing of pavement preservation

Zilong WANG,Hao WANG

期刊论文

Comparative cost analysis of three different anesthesia methods in gynecological laparoscopic surgery

null

期刊论文

Lifecycle carbon footprint and cost assessment for coal-to-liquid coupled with carbon capture, storage

期刊论文

Floating production storage and offloading systems’ cost and motion performance: A systems thinking application

Rini NISHANTH, Andrew WHYTE, V. John KURIAN

期刊论文

The German Energiewende and its roll-out of renewable energies: An economic perspective

Sebastian KREUZ, Felix MÜSGENS

期刊论文

燃料电池商业化带来的技术经济挑战

Junye Wang, Hualin Wang, Yi Fan

期刊论文